Toward 6G Communication Networks: Terahertz Frequency Challenges and Open Research Issues

Future networks communication scenarios by the 2030s will include notable applications are three-dimensional (3D) calls, haptics communications, unmanned mobility, tele-operated driving, bio-internet of things, and Nano-internet things. Unlike current scenario in which megahertz bandwidth sufficient to drive audio video components user applications, future require bandwidths several gigahertzes (GHz) (from tens gigahertz 1 terahertz [THz]) perform optimally. Based on radio frequency allocation chart, it is not possible obtain such a wide contiguous spectrum below 90 GHz (0.09 THz). Interestingly, these blocks readily available higher electromagnetic spectrum, specifically Terahertz (THz) band. The major contribution this study discussing substantial issues key features THz waves, (i) significance frequency; (ii) recent regulatory; (iii) most promising applications; (iv) open research issues. These topics were deeply investigated with aim providing specific, synopsis, encompassing conclusion. Thus, article be as catalyst towards exploring new frontiers for 2030s.